Latest Advances in Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer (2025)

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, but 2025 has brought remarkable progress in immunotherapy, transforming treatment landscapes for both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Drawing from recent clinical trials, conferences like ASCO, AACR, and ELCC, and emerging real-world data, this guide highlights key breakthroughs. We'll focus on evidence-based advances, including checkpoint inhibitors, combination therapies, novel vaccines, and targeted immunotherapies, with practical insights for patients and caregivers. Immunotherapy Fundamentals in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to target cancer cells, often via checkpoint inhibitors like PD-1/PD-L1 blockers (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab). In 2025, these are increasingly combined with chemotherapy, targeted drugs, or other modalities for better outcomes. For NSCLC, which accounts for about 85% of cases, immunotherapy has beco...